What Are the Properties of 5xxx Automotive Aluminum Alloys
Aluminum alloys used in automobiles mainly include die castings, forgings, extrusions and aluminum plates. Among these four types of products, the deformed aluminum alloy plate used for stamping has the highest technical requirements among aluminum alloy plates.
When aluminum alloy sheets replace traditional steel, they can effectively reduce the weight of the car. For example, compared with steel parts, the weight of aluminum alloy engine cover can be reduced by more than 40%. At the same time, due to the good thermal conductivity of aluminum alloy, the temperature of the engine can be effectively reduced.
In addition, the special properties of aluminum alloys can effectively reduce the damage to pedestrians during collisions, which is conducive to the implementation of pedestrian collision protection regulations. At present, the aluminum alloy sheets used for automobile bodies mainly include 5000 series and 6000 series, and common material grades are such as 5052, 5754, 5182, 6016, 6014, and 6181.
5000 series alloy is an aluminum alloy that cannot be heat treated and strengthened. It has moderate yield strength and tensile strength, corrosion resistance, processability and good weldability. Mg dissolves in the Al matrix to form solid solution strengthening, which makes the alloy have the characteristics of general steel in terms of yield strength, tensile strength, formability and corrosion resistance. Therefore, 5000 series aluminum alloys are widely used as the inner panel like 5083 h112 aluminum sheet.
The solid solution strengthening of the 5000 series alloy has two obvious shortcomings: delayed yielding and the Leders line. In addition, compared with the 6000 series, the yield strength of the 5000 series alloy decreases after spray annealing, while the yield strength of the 6000 series increases.
Current research on 5000 series aluminum alloys usually improves alloy properties by optimizing alloy composition, controlling impurity mass fraction, and adding trace elements. For example, 5025, which is researched by adding trace amounts of Mn (manganese) and Ga (gallium) on the basis of 5050 and 5150, has excellent pressure processing performance, formability and corrosion resistance.
In 5000 series aluminum alloys, as the Mg mass fraction increases, the elongation of the material begins to decrease. However, when the Mg mass fraction exceeds 2%, the elongation will increase rapidly. In recent years, high-magnesium aluminum alloy plates with a Mg mass fraction of 5% to 6% have also been developed.
On the other hand, adding Mn properly to make the Mg phase precipitate evenly can improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy, and at the same time increase the recrystallization temperature of the alloy, inhibit grain growth, and ensure that the alloy has higher stability.
5754 aluminum sheet belongs to Almg3 series, and its magnesium alloy content is higher than 5052 aluminum sheet. What are almg3 material properties? Its corrosion resistance, light weight and high strength are the main reasons why it is favored by automobile manufacturers. However, the price of 5754 aluminum sheet is much higher than that of traditional galvanized steel sheet, so it is rarely used in the processing and manufacturing of low-end and mid-range cars. We can only see its shadow on the bodies of high-end brands.
Original Source:https://www.autoaluminumsheet.com/a/what-are-the-properties-of-5xxx-automotive-aluminum-alloys.html
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